The 3Dfx Era
The green silicon that killed software rendering. "Bilinear Filtering" became a household term.
Historical_Context
Before 1996, 3D on PC was a pixelated, CPU-bound mess. Then came Voodoo. 3Dfx Interactive released a card that did only one thing: draw textured triangles incredibly fast.
The Voodoo Graphics card was a pass-through device. It had no 2D capabilities; you needed a separate 2D card. But when a game launched in Glide mode, the Voodoo took over, delivering filtered, fogged, Z-buffered 640x480 graphics at 60fps.
The impact was instantaneous. QuakeGL (GLQuake) transformed the murky brown world of Quake into a smooth, vibrant experience. For five years, if you didn't have a Voodoo card, you weren't a gamer.
Notable_Models
Voodoo Graphics
1996The SST-1. The card that started the 3D revolution.
Voodoo Rush
1997Attempt to combine 2D and 3D on one card. Slower than Voodoo1 due to memory bandwidth contention.
Voodoo2
1998The monster. 3 chips (1 Pixel, 2 Texture). Supported SLI (Scan-Line Interleave) to chain two cards together.
Voodoo Banshee
1998Budget single-chip 2D/3D card. Only 1 Texture Unit, so multitexturing was slower.
Voodoo 5 5500
2000The last stand. Dual VSA-100 chips on one huge AGP card. Needed external power.
S3 ViRGE
1995The "3D Decelerator". Marketed as the first 3D accelerator for the masses, but 3D performance was often slower than software rendering. Excellent 2D though.
ATI 3D Rage / Rage Pro
1996ATI's first serious 3D contender. The Rage Pro improved things significantly. Ubiquitous in OEM machines but gamers preferred 3dfx.
Matrox Mystique
1996Legendary 2D quality with passable 3D. Matrox was known for the sharpest, most accurate 2D image quality. Perfect for CAD and business.
NVIDIA Riva 128 / TNT / TNT2
1997The cards that made NVIDIA. Riva 128 was fast but had poor image quality. TNT fixed that. TNT2 dominated. These cards killed 3dfx.
NVIDIA GeForce 256
1999The first GPU. Hardware Transform & Lighting moved geometry processing from CPU to graphics card. A paradigm shift.
Rendition Vérité V1000
1995The first true consumer 3D accelerator. Beat Voodoo to market but lost the war. Programmable in an era of fixed function.
Tech_Specs
- Chip SST-1 (Voodoo), SST-2 (Voodoo2)
- VRAM 4MB to 12MB EDO RAM
- API Glide (proprietary), OpenGL, Direct3D
- Bus PCI / AGP
Key_Silicon
Handles pixel operations, gouraud shading, Z-buffering, and dithering.
Handles texture coordinates, filtering (bilinear), and mipmapping. Voodoo2 supported 2 TMUs.
135 MHz RAMDAC. Responsible for the famously "gamma-corrected" bright image.