RasterCore

The 3Dfx Era

LAUNCH_YEAR: 1996

The green silicon that killed software rendering. "Bilinear Filtering" became a household term.

Historical_Context

Before 1996, 3D on PC was a pixelated, CPU-bound mess. Then came Voodoo. 3Dfx Interactive released a card that did only one thing: draw textured triangles incredibly fast.

The Voodoo Graphics card was a pass-through device. It had no 2D capabilities; you needed a separate 2D card. But when a game launched in Glide mode, the Voodoo took over, delivering filtered, fogged, Z-buffered 640x480 graphics at 60fps.

The impact was instantaneous. QuakeGL (GLQuake) transformed the murky brown world of Quake into a smooth, vibrant experience. For five years, if you didn't have a Voodoo card, you weren't a gamer.

Notable_Models

Voodoo Graphics

1996

The SST-1. The card that started the 3D revolution.

SST-1 Voodoo

Voodoo Rush

1997

Attempt to combine 2D and 3D on one card. Slower than Voodoo1 due to memory bandwidth contention.

SST-96 Rush

Voodoo2

1998

The monster. 3 chips (1 Pixel, 2 Texture). Supported SLI (Scan-Line Interleave) to chain two cards together.

SST-2 Voodoo2

Voodoo Banshee

1998

Budget single-chip 2D/3D card. Only 1 Texture Unit, so multitexturing was slower.

Banshee Banshee

Voodoo 5 5500

2000

The last stand. Dual VSA-100 chips on one huge AGP card. Needed external power.

VSA-100 (x2) VSA-100

S3 ViRGE

1995

The "3D Decelerator". Marketed as the first 3D accelerator for the masses, but 3D performance was often slower than software rendering. Excellent 2D though.

ViRGE ViRGE (86C325)

ATI 3D Rage / Rage Pro

1996

ATI's first serious 3D contender. The Rage Pro improved things significantly. Ubiquitous in OEM machines but gamers preferred 3dfx.

Rage Pro ATI Rage Pro

Matrox Mystique

1996

Legendary 2D quality with passable 3D. Matrox was known for the sharpest, most accurate 2D image quality. Perfect for CAD and business.

MGA-1064SG MGA-1064SG

NVIDIA Riva 128 / TNT / TNT2

1997

The cards that made NVIDIA. Riva 128 was fast but had poor image quality. TNT fixed that. TNT2 dominated. These cards killed 3dfx.

NV4 (TNT) / NV5 (TNT2) Riva TNT / TNT2

NVIDIA GeForce 256

1999

The first GPU. Hardware Transform & Lighting moved geometry processing from CPU to graphics card. A paradigm shift.

NV10 GeForce 256

Rendition Vérité V1000

1995

The first true consumer 3D accelerator. Beat Voodoo to market but lost the war. Programmable in an era of fixed function.

V1000 Vérité V1000

Tech_Specs

  • Chip SST-1 (Voodoo), SST-2 (Voodoo2)
  • VRAM 4MB to 12MB EDO RAM
  • API Glide (proprietary), OpenGL, Direct3D
  • Bus PCI / AGP

Key_Silicon

FBI Frame Buffer Interface

Handles pixel operations, gouraud shading, Z-buffering, and dithering.

TMU Texture Mapping Unit

Handles texture coordinates, filtering (bilinear), and mipmapping. Voodoo2 supported 2 TMUs.

DAC Output

135 MHz RAMDAC. Responsible for the famously "gamma-corrected" bright image.